Phytoplankton distribution and ecological dynamics are explored through a quantitative, interdisciplinary approach that bridges microscopic observations and global climate systems. Utilizing the innovative SeaFlow cytometer, our research captures unprecedented data on marine photosynthetic microbes, revealing how these tiny organisms profoundly influence global carbon cycles and ecosystem health. By developing advanced computational models and collaborating with climate scientists, we aim to predict and understand potential marine ecosystem transformations under changing oceanic conditions.